General Awareness · Government Schemes
Top Government Schemes You Must Know
A student's guide to the schemes that actually show up in exams
Government schemes are one of the highest-yield topics in General Awareness — they show up in SSC, Banking, Railways, UPSC, and nearly every state exam. Questions typically test the launch year, objective, implementing ministry, and key features of a scheme, so that's exactly what we've organized this guide around.
Instead of a random list, we've grouped schemes by the sector they belong to — this makes them much easier to remember and revise.
In this article
Financial Inclusion & Insurance
| Scheme | Launched | What It Does |
|---|---|---|
| Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) | 2014 | Zero-balance bank accounts for every household, the foundation of India's financial inclusion push |
| Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY) | 2015 | Low-cost life insurance cover for account holders |
| Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY) | 2015 | Low-cost accidental death and disability insurance |
| Atal Pension Yojana (APY) | 2015 | Pension scheme aimed at workers in the unorganized sector |
Health
| Scheme | Launched | What It Does |
|---|---|---|
| Ayushman Bharat (PM-JAY) | 2018 | Health insurance cover of ₹5 lakh per family per year for economically vulnerable families — one of the world's largest government health schemes |
| Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana | 2015 | Sells generic medicines at affordable prices through dedicated Jan Aushadhi stores |
Housing & Energy
| Scheme | Launched | What It Does |
|---|---|---|
| Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) | 2015 | "Housing for All" mission, with separate Urban and Gramin (rural) components |
| PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana | 2024 | Rooftop solar subsidy scheme offering up to 300 units of free electricity per month, targeting 1 crore households |
Employment & Skill Development
| Scheme | Launched | What It Does |
|---|---|---|
| Skill India Mission | 2015 | Trains youth in industry-relevant skills to improve employability |
| Startup India | 2016 | Tax benefits, funding support, and simplified compliance to promote entrepreneurship |
| PM Vishwakarma | 2023 | End-to-end support (training, tools, credit) for traditional artisans and craftspeople across 18 identified trades |
Agriculture & Rural Development
| Scheme | Launched | What It Does |
|---|---|---|
| PM-Kisan Samman Nidhi | 2019 | Direct income support of ₹6,000 per year to eligible farmer families, paid in three installments |
| Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) | 2000 | Builds all-weather road connectivity to unconnected rural habitations |
Women & Child Welfare
| Scheme | Launched | What It Does |
|---|---|---|
| Beti Bachao Beti Padhao | 2015 | Aims to improve the child sex ratio and promote girls' education |
| Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana | 2016 | Provides free LPG connections to women from below-poverty-line households |
| Mission Vatsalya | Umbrella scheme | Child protection and welfare framework for children in difficult circumstances, including orphaned children |
Digital India & Governance
| Scheme | Launched | What It Does |
|---|---|---|
| Digital India | 2015 | Umbrella program to improve digital infrastructure and deliver government services online |
| Make in India | 2014 | Encourages domestic and foreign companies to manufacture in India |
Recent Additions to Know
Beyond the well-established schemes above, a few newer initiatives have been getting attention in current affairs and are worth knowing:
- PM-JANMAN — a large-scale welfare mission for Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups, aiming for "saturation coverage" of essential services across thousands of tribal-majority villages
- National Logistics Policy — aims to bring down India's logistics costs as a share of GDP, making Indian goods more competitive globally
Schemes get added and renamed often. This is a living topic — new schemes launch, and older ones sometimes get restructured or renamed. Make it a habit to check our Current Affairs section regularly rather than treating this list as permanently complete.
Practice Questions
1. Which scheme provides a health insurance cover of ₹5 lakh per family per year?
A. PMJDY B. Ayushman Bharat (PM-JAY) C. PMAY D. Ujjwala Yojana
Answer: B. Ayushman Bharat (PM-JAY)
2. PM-Kisan Samman Nidhi provides eligible farmer families with income support of how much per year?
A. ₹4,000 B. ₹5,000 C. ₹6,000 D. ₹8,000
Answer: C. ₹6,000
3. Which scheme was launched to provide free LPG connections to women from BPL households?
A. PM Ujjwala Yojana B. PM Surya Ghar C. Skill India D. PMGSY
Answer: A. PM Ujjwala Yojana
4. PM Vishwakarma supports traditional artisans and craftspeople across how many identified trades?
A. 10 B. 15 C. 18 D. 22
Answer: C. 18
5. Which scheme aims to provide up to 300 units of free electricity per month through rooftop solar?
A. Digital India B. PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana C. Make in India D. PMAY
Answer: B. PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana
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